Jay Scott Clark said:
Q: How do you Write the Good Guy?
According to George Lucas, you just make them infallible in every way, instantly good at everything, and unapproachably pure in both intent and deed. Then, in order to highlight how Jesus they are, you make their enemies Obviously Satan.
(do not take writing tips from George Lucas)
The closest I have to a "good" character is probably the original Anna Sachae, so I'll go with that.
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1) Anna was a pacifist, but she didn't start out that way. She was originally just another Imperial soldier who did her job, and her job happened to be a backline support job instead of actively shooting people for her country. She eventually figured out that she didn't like all of the shooting that was happening for said country, and tried to stop it. She was unrealistic, extremely naive, but she was "mature" enough to fool people into thinking she knew what she was doing. Eventually she wound up sacrificing everything for what she believed in and fell into a slow death from obscurity and motherhood.
The fact that I used motherhood to symbolize and prelude death certainly says nothing about my opinions on women in fiction. No siree.
Another "good" character I wrote was Codi Zrgaat. She was as close to good as I dare to venture any more. A nice girl, who helped people because she thought it was right and actively put herself in harm's way to protect those who were incapable of protecting themselves. She was also a shameless whore, a drunk, her social skills were at best "abrasive," and she waxed between arrogant and paranoid. Still benevolent, still selfless, but selfish in the pursuit of others' safety. A little like Tony Stark; "good is not nice."
Her eventual fate has been largely offscreen. She got injured in the line of duty and her heroic idles were shattered before her eyes. Since then, she's been languishing in her vices. I guess my opinion of heroes just isn't very high, and eventually winds up at "everybody falls in the end."
2) In Star Wars, being a good guy is simple. You're a Jedi, or you're allied with the Jedi in a semi-permanent fashion. Lucas writes in black and white. If you're Psychic Samurai Jesus, you're a hero. If you eat babies for three square meals a day and burn hospitals in your spare time, you're a villain. Star Wars is not a morally complicated place, and really, that's its #2 issue. I could write essays on how its #1 issue is George Lucas' many mental issues, but this thread is not about that.
In my opinion, a "good" character puts the well-being of others above their own, and their first desire is to help. That's how I write my "good" characters. Altruism. Not doing what they think is best for the people they "help." Doing what is needed to prevent present pain. I don't like totalitarian or knight-templar characters who try to enforce their opinions on others. When you go down that road, you tend to be paying more attention to "Lawful" than "Good." Selflessness, sacrifice, and keeping others safe and happy. Naturally, this is boring as all hell, so I don't write good characters very often.
I far prefer the Greek definition of "hero." A hero is someone who is capable of great things, and accomplishes those things. They have with them the ability to perform deeds which normal people would fall short attempting, or simply not attempt at all. This does not make them necessarily "good," though it certainly makes them great. Heroes are more fun to read about than good guys.